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(No Model.) 12 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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LOOM.

N0. 386,506. Patented'July 24, 1888.

(No Model.) 12 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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LOOM.

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S. T. & W. S. THOMAS.

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L2 SheetsSheet 5.

s. T. 88W. s. THOMAS.

' LOOM.

Patenteduuly 24, 1888.

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(No Model.) 12 Sheets-#Sheet 6.

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(No Model.) I 12 Sheets-Sheet 8.

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Patented Jul| 4, 1888.

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S. T. & W. S. THOMAS.

y r LOOM. No. 386,506. Patented July 24, 1888.

{No.Model.) 12 Sheets-Sheet 10.

S. T. 8v W. S. THOMAS.

YLOOM.

No. 888,508. Patented July 24, 1888.

12 Sheets Sheet'l 11.

Patented July 24, 1888.

LOOM.

s. 'I'. an W. s. THOMAS.

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N.- PETERS. Phnwmnegnphe (No Model.)

(No Model.) 12 Sheets-Sheet 12.

S. T. & W. S. THOMAS.

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Patented July 24, 1888.

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@Nita STATES SAMUEL T. THOMAS AND VINFIELD S. THOMAS, OF BOSTON,MASSACHU- SETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THE AMERICAN METALLIC FABRIC COMPANY, OF

PORTLAND, MAINE.

LOOM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 386,506. dated July 24,1888.

Application led February 28, 1884.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, SAMUEL T. THOMAS and NVINFIELD S. THOMAS, ofBoston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts,

have invented anew and useful Improvement in Looms, which will, inconnection with the accompanying drawings, be hereinafter fullydescribed, and specifically defined in the appended claims.

The object of our invention is to providean improved loom which, thoughmore especially intended for weaving wire fabrics, is also adapted forother purposes.

The several features of our invention will first be described, and thensummarized in the claims at the end of this specification.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a loomembodying` our invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective View of a zo portionof our loom, showing the frictiondriving devices, the brake and shippermechanisms, and adjacent parts. Fig. 3 is a detached sectional elevationshowing the shipper-lever in connection with the clutch-pulley lever anddevices i'or relieving the brake.

Fig. 4 is a section through the axis of the friction-clutch pulley andthe pulley or wneel upon which it acts to drive the loom. Fig. 5 isasectional end elevation with the driving 3o mechanism shown in Fig. 1removed and intended to represent the arrangement of the take-up rolls,but more particularly the stopmotion devices. the stop-motion devices.Figs. 7 and 8 are detail views of the lay, a portion of its operatingmechanism, and some adjacent parts, the devices being shown in differentpositions in the two views, and the frame of the loom being representedby dotted lines. Fig. 9 is au ele- .io vation ofthe end of the loomopposite that shown in previous views, and in which the takeup andlet-ott devices, the harness-cams and levers, and the cam and lever foroperating the lay through thetoggle-joint connection are clearly shown,the lay being shown in its extreme forward position. Fig. 10 is aperspective ofthe end of the leoni shown in Fig. 9, taken from astandpoint to the left of said Fig. G is a detached view of- Serial No.122,270. (No model.)

ligure, and shown with the frame broken away in places to more clearlyexhibit certain parts. 5o Fig. 11 is a detached perspective of a portionof the devices shown in Fig. 10, illustrating more clearly the ratchetmechanism for actuating the take-np and let-off by means of devicesattached to and operated by the lay. Fig. 121s a side view showing aportion ofthe devices represented in Fig. 11, as seen from the right ofthe latter ligure. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a section of ourwarp-beam, showing the means for securing the warp thereto. Fig. 14 is avertical section of the clamp shown as inserted in the beam in Fig. 13.Fig. 15 is a section through the beam, as on line z z, Fig. 13. Fig. 16is a sectional elevation in a central vertical plane as viewed from thesame standpoint as in Fig. 9, but showing the inner side ofthe frame atthe opposite end of the loom with the devices thereto attached, thelevers and cam for actuating the lay, the lever, cam, and spring forthrow ing the shuttle, a part ofthe kink-preventing and stopniotiondevices, and the arrange ment of the take-up rolls. Fig. 17 is a topView or plan of the right-hand portion of the loom, showing the lay inits forward po- 75 sition and the other parts in their proper relativepositions. Fig. 18 is a plan like Fig. 17, but showing the lay back, theshuttle in the right-hand box and ready to leave, its actuating-leverbeing on the point of being released by its cam to the action of itscounteracting torsionlspring, and the weft-thread being shown asextending from the sel vage across the kink-preventing device totheshuttle in the box. Fig. 19 is an enlarged detached per- 85 speetive ofthe right-hand portion of the lay, the shuttlebox, the stop-motiondevices attached to the lay, the shipper-lever, and the shipper-leverlocking and detaching devices. Fig. 20 is a detached side elevation of apertion of the lay and a part of the stop-motion devices theretoattached, the kink-preventing device, the levers for actuating the lay,the kink-preventing device, and the stop-motion, the lay being alsorepresented in broken linesin 95 its back position, and the relativepositions of the other parts are similarly represented corresponding tosuch changed position of the lay. Fig. 21 is a side view of ourwarp-beam, and Fig. 22 is an end view thereof. Figs. 23 and 24 aredetail views of the `lever for actuating the raddles and the operatingmechanism for said lever. Figs. 25, 26, and 27 are detail views of theclutch-lever and adjacent parts. Figs. 28 and 29 are detail viewsshowing the shaft from which the take-up and letoft mechanisms areoperated, the adjustable box for said shaft, and adjacent parts.

'lhe loom thus illustrated is designed for broad heavy weaving, andrequires astiff and substantial frame, which may be constructed in thewell-known manner. Upon ashaft, 21, journaled in bearings mounted in asupplemental frame, 22, Figs. 1, 2, is iixed a friction-wheel, 23, whichis or may be of ordinary construction. There is also upon the same shafta friction-clutch pulley, 24, having a lineal as well as rotary movementon said shaft, and being constructed and arranged,as shown in Fig. 4, todrive wheel 23 by frictional contact therewith. Power is applied to theloom to operate the same through a belt which turns the clutch-pulley24. This pulley is forced into and out of contact with thefriction-wheel 23 by means of a forked clutch-lever, 25, having pinswhich work in a groove, 26, in a hub formed on the pulley, as shown,(Figs. 2, 4,) said lever being formed with a vertical shaft or bar, 27,which is squared at its upper end to receive lever 28, and arranged tobe thereby rocked about its axis, and to thus impart the requisitelineal movement of the clutch-pulley on its shaft to make and breakContact with the friction-wheel, said lever 28 being secured to the topof the shaft 27, as shown, and extending toward the front of the loom itpasses through a slot in the shipper-lever 29, by which it is actuatedby the hand of the operator to stop and start the loom in the well-knownmanner. Shaft 27 is sustained by a bracket, 149, secured to thesupplemental frame 22. (See Figs. 25, 26, and 27.)

Pivoted to a bar, 30, secured to frame 22, Fig. 2, is a curvedbrake-lever, 31, which bears upon wheel 23, when required to stop thesame, with a pressure equal to the contractile force of a spring, 32,which is adj ustably secured to the end of the lever, as shown. Torelieve wheel 23 from the pressure of the brake when starting the loom,a horizontal bar, 33, is pivoted to the rear end of the clutch-lever 25,and to bar 33 another bar, 34, is adj ustably connected by bolts 162,passing through a slot, 163, (see Fig. 2,) near one end, while at itsopposite end (more clearly shown in Fig. 3) it is formed with a downwardincline, 35. When the clutch-lever 25 is rocked to force thedriving-pulley into and out of contact with the friction-wheel, asbefore described, the bars 33 and 34, connected, as stated, with therear end of the clutch-lever, will be moved horizontally, according tothe movement of the clutch-lever. If that movement is such as to set theloom in motion, then the movement of the bars will be in the directionto cause said incline 35 to ride upon the projecting shoulder 36, formedor secured upon the frame, thus raising the bar to the extent of thedepth of the incline. A vertical bar, 37, is secured at itsupper end tothe brake-lever, while its lower end is in close proximity to the upperside of bar 34, so close that when said incline by a horizontal movementof the bar, as stated, causes the bar to rise upon shoulder 36 it comesin contact with the end of rod 37 and raises it also, thereby carryingthe brake lever up against the resistance of its spring and relievingthe wheel 23 from its pressure, and when the movement of theclutch-lever is such as to stop the loom there will be a retractivemovement of the parts just described, and'spring 32 will instantly applythe brake to the fricti0n-wheel,causing it to stop promptly. Upon shaft21 there is also fixed a small bevel-gear, 38, Fig. 1, which meshes intoa large gear, 39, secured upon shaft 40, which extends horizontally fromside to side of the loom, and is the main driving-shaft, carrying thecams which, through lever-connections, operate and time the movement ofthe lay, and also carrying the gear 41, which meshes into a larger gear,42, fixed on the end of an upper shaft, 43, which also extends from sideto side of the loom, operating the shuttle driving mechanism and otherdevices and transmitting movement to the harness mechanism.

Pivoted to the frame, ou either end of the loom, is a lever, 44, Figs.5, 9, 16, which carries a roll, 45, that works in a groove in a cam, 46,fixed on the lower shaft, 40. The forward end of this lever is jointedto a vertical arm, 47, Figs. 5, 9, and 16, which at its upper end isconnected with a togglejoint,one branch of which is pivotally bolted tothe frame at 4S, and the other to the lay at 49, and it is through thesedevices that the lay is moved and timed in its movements, as will bedescribed. Ihe lay 50 is supported upon a horizontal shaft, 164, in thelower portion of the loom-frame, and so as to rock thereon in the usualmanner. The harness 51, Fig. 10, is suspended by hooks secured above andbelow in cords which pass over pulleys 165, as shown, and connect withboth the upper and lower ends of the harnesslever 52 53, which arepivoted to the side of the frame at 54,and are actuated and timed intheir movements bythe cams 55 56, carried by shaft 150, said shaftrbeing provided with a beveled gear, 151, meshing with a similar gear,152, on shaft 43.

When theloom isin practical operation, the movements of the lay and itstime of action and rest relatively to the harness and shuttle movementsare as follows: supposing the shuttle to have just made its flight andentered the box, leaving a thread or pick of filling properly in thewarp, the shed remains open, While cams 46, acting on levers 44, movearms 47 upward, carrying the toggle-joints and lay from the positionshown in Fig. Sinto the position shown in Fig. 9, at which point the laywill give the requisite blow to the filling and beat it into its properplace in the warp. The toggle-joints will still move upward into theposition shown in Fig. 7, thus slightly retracting the lay, and willthen commence to move downward to the position shown in Fig. 9. Duringthe upward movement from this last position and return to it again theharness closes and opens the shed, crossing the warp over the last pickof weft, and as the togglejoints in their descent come into a straightline again, as in Fig. 9, they cause the lay to give a second blow tothe filling after the warp has been so crossed over it, as is desirablein some kinds of weaving. This double beating move of the lay resultsfrom the construction of the earns 4G and the connections by which thetoggles 49 are operated from said cams, the latter being so formed as tolift or throw the centers of the toggles above or beyond a straight linebetween their ends at the extreme upward movement of the arms 47, asabove described. rlhe arms of the toggle-joints are further drawndownward till they reach the position shown in Fig. 8, when the lay isat its extreme backward position and drawn into contact with and issupported steadily upon a cushioned rest, 57, secured to the back armsof the toggle-joints, and reinainsso at rest during the iiight oftheshuttle.

The means employed for throwing the shuttle with a uniform velocity areas follows: Upon each end of' the loom is pivoted in a bracket, 58,extending inward from the frame, Figs. 17, 18, alever, 59, which leverat its front end is attached by a strap, 60, to the usual picker staff,6l, which is connected with the shuttlc-box G2 and arranged to throw theshuttle therefrom in the well-known manner. Toward its rear end lever 59carries a roll, 63, which bears against a cam, 6l, secured upon androtated by shaft 43. A spiral spring, 65, is coiled about a verticalshaft beneath this lever, and at its upper end is attached to theforward portion ofthe lever, as shown, while at its lower end it isattached to a wiudingwheel, 66, provided with peripheral holes orsockets, into which bars, as 161, are inserted, as shown, to secure andwind the spring about its central shaft to the requisite degree toproduce sufficient reactionary force therefrom to th row the shuttlewith the velocity required. This force is exerted when the lever 59 isturned on its pivot by cam Gif, as vfrom the position shown in dottedlines in Fig. 18 to the position shown in solid lines in said figure,(or from the position shown in Fig. 17 tothat shown in Fig. 18,) againstthe said force of spring 65, and then suddenly released from the inclineon said cam to return its roll by a direct line to the lowest partthereof, thus bringing the rear end sud` denly into the posifionin whichit restsagainst the buffer 67, extendingiuward from the loomframe. Thelever, being so acted upon by the cani in one direction and bythetorsional force of the spring in the opposite direction, iinpartsthrough its connection with the pickerstaff the required force to theshuttle to throw it with the requisite velocity to the opposite shuttlebox, and this force is adjustable by means ofthe winding-wheel 66,through which more or less torsional strain may be put upon the spring.

To avoid kinking in the weft-thread and consequent damage to the wovenfabric,which sometimes occurs in hard-twisted lling and in metallicthreads in that part of the weft which extends from the selvage to theshuttle in the box when it is slackened as the shuttle leaves theI box,we employ the following devices: /Vhen the lay is at rest on its extremebackward throw, as has been described, the filling 68, Fig. 18, willextend from the selvage of the woven fabric to the shuttle in the box,as shown, and this being the position from which the shuttle is thrown,when it starts out of the box it will slacken the weftthread between itand the selvage until it has entered the shed far enough to draw thethread into the warp. lf thc thread is inclined to kink, it will do sowhen thus slackened. To prevent this we secure an elastic arm, (39, to arod'for rock-shaft, 70, Figs. 18, 19, extending through the lay. llhisarm is composed of a wire which lies horizontally under the line ofiilling as it extends from the selvage to the shuttle in the box, asshown. To makeit sufficiently elastic, it is coiled at its connectionwith rod 70. The rod to which it is attached is arranged to make apartial revolution in the lay, beiug,when not acted on for that purp0se,held by the torsional force of a spring-,72, attached to it and thelay, so as to keep the wire arm 69 in thc horizontal position shown anddescribed. In the rear end of rod 70 there is a pin, 73, projectingtherefrom in a plane parallel to arm (59. Upon this pin a lever, 74,acts to give rod 70 a quarter-turn when required. This lever 7-lI ispivoted to astud,75, and its rear end rests upon a cam, 76, secured toshaft 43, Fig. 20. The end of the lever is kept in contact with the camby a coiled spring, 77. Cam 76 is so formed and its movement so timedrelative to the flight of the shuttle that it raises the end of lever 74in contact therewith just as the shuttle commences to move out of thebox, or slightly in advance of such movement, and thereby forces theforward end of the lever down upon pin 73, and turns rod 70 so as toraise arm 69 into contact with the lilling, such movement keeping pacewith the iiight of the shuttle, or so that the filling is looped overthe arm G9,and is thereby kept straight between it and the selvage andthe shuttle until the shuttle has progressed far enough to release thefilling by springing the arm down sufficiently to allow the thread to bedrawn therefrom into the warp free from kinks. The arm 69 issufficiently' sti fi" to maintain the requisite tension upon the fillingto prevent its kinkng, but not stiff enough to overcome theshuttle-tension upon the thread,

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and thus to retard the velocity of the shuttle;

and said arm returns, by action of the cam and springs, toits horizontalposition again before the shuttle returns to the box from which it waslast shot. Each end of the lay is provided with such a device forpreventing kinks in the lling. Upon each end of the lay are deviceswhich are constructed and arranged to operate in connection with otherdevices, as a weftstop motion, whereby the action of the loom isarrested whenever the weft fails to reach across lthe warp, suchstopping of the loom taking place just as the lay commences to moveforward from its extreme back position and before the harness mechanismmoves to close the shed.

The construction and inode of operation of these devices are as follows:On the back side of the lay are secured two bearings or guides, in whicha vertical rod, 78, Figs. 19, 20,nioves up and down. To the top of thisrod is fastened a block, 79, in which a number of small horizontal rodsor fingers, 80, are secured, and which project forward and across andabove the shuttle-race, constituting what we term a raddle,7 Fig. 19. Agui'depin, 81, keeps this raddle from lateral movement abopt the axisofils rod 78. Upon the frontof the lay, opposite the device justdescribed, is secured a bracket, 82, in which is pivoted, as shown, ablock, 83, carrying a number of small rods or fingers, 84, constitutinganother raddle, which projects back ward below and across theshuttle-race in a recess in the lay, as shown, and having its fingersarranged beneath the spaces between the fingers ol the upper raddle, 7980, so that the upper lingers may pass down between the lower oneswithout coming in contact therewith. From the pivotal block of thislower raddle there projects an arm, 85, which isjointed to and upholds apin,86,which is supported laterally by and moves vertically in abearing, 87, formed on said bracket. This pin projects below the lay farenough to come in contact with an incline, 88, on the edge of aplate,153, adj ustably attached by screws 154, passing through a slot,155, in said plate, Fig. 19, to a horizontal bar, 89, which is pivotedat its rear end to a standard, 90, upon abracket, 58, Figs. 16, 20, andat its front end is pivot ally secured by a screw or pin, 156, to asleeve, 91, Fig. 19, fastened to a rod, 92. This rod connects with thelower end of a lever, 93, which is pivoted to an arm extending out fromthe frame of the loom at 94, and the upper end of which works in a slotin the back side of the shipperbracket 95 at 96 to actuate a detachingslide, 97, arranged to move upon the top of said bracket to dislodge theshipperlever, as will be more fully explained. The

shipper-lever 29 works in the slotted bracket 95, and a rod, 98, extendsthrough the loomframe, having secured upon it a spring, 99, one end ofwhich rests against the frame and the other against a sleeve, 100,secured to the rod bya set-screw. The spring is also secured to saidsleeve and frame, so that it cannot turn freely upon said rod. Upon theouter end of the rod is secured a collar, 101, having a projectiontoward the lay. Against the 7o projection on this collar theshipper-lever 29 is pressed when starting the loom, and is carriedagainst the resistance of spring 99 until it is interlocked with notch102 in its bracket. Spring 99, being secured from turning freely on rod98, as stated, is arranged to be wound about said rod by the turning ofthe same, to produce a torsional action in said spring. This torsionalforce ofthe spring is utilized to keep the shipper-lever 29 in the notch102, by 8c means of a short lever, 103, Fig. 2, secured to said rod 98,and at its upper end being provided with a projecting pin, which bearsagainst the front side of the shipper-lever with the torsional force ofsaid spring 99. There are two ways in which pin 86 is raised out olrange of incline 88, as the lay rocks backward rand forward, carryingsaid pinone by means of acam, 104, Figs. 7, 8, 20, upon shaft 43, whichoperates a lever, 105, 9o pivoted at 106, and kept in contact with saidcam by a coiled spring, 107, Figs. 23,

24, while its forward end extends under rod 78 and serves to raise saidrod when required. Upon the rod is a collar, 108, (see Fig. 6,) which,when the rod rises, comes in contact with one end of a lever, 109, whichis pivoted at 110, and at 111 isjointed to a rod or arm` extending fromraddle 83, and thereby said raddle is rocked so as to raise its arm 85and loo the pin 86, connected therewith. rlhis means of raising the pinis operative every time the shuttle is in the box at the opposite end ofthe lay. The other way of operating the lower raddle and raising its pin86 is by the falling 105 of the upper raddle, consisting of block 79 andits rods or fingers 80, when lever moves downward away from rod 78 andallows it with its said attachments to fall by gravitation. Thismovement takes placejust as the 11o shuttle is entering the box and haspassed out of range of the falling raddle, when, if the weft-thread liesacross the lower raddle, as shown in Fig. 19, the fingers of the fallingupper raddle will bear upon the weft, and thus .I`i5 will form aconnection with the fingers of the lower raddle, and thereby as theupper one moves down, bearing upon the intervening weft, its weight willtilt the lower one, and consequently raise its pin 86 out of range of12o the incline 88, while the lay nieves forward to beat saidweft-thread into its proper place in the warp and will not stop theloom; but if said weft-thread does not follow the shuttle,

as it should, and is not across theJngers of the lower raddle when theshuttle enters the box and the upper raddle falls, then the fingers ofthe Lipper raddle will pass down between the fingers of the lower raddlewithout contact therewith, and consequently with- 13o out tilting thesame and raising pin 86, which pin will in that case, when the lay movesforward, strike incline 88 at the commencement of such forward movementof the lay, and

will thereby move its bar 89 laterally against the resistance of spring112 and impart lineal movement in the same direction to rod 92, whichwill rock the vertical lever 93 and cause the upper end thereof to moveslide 97 in the opposite direction, driving its incline 113 against theshipper-lever, thereby forcing said lever out ofits retaining-notch 102,when spring 99 by its expansive force will immediately carry the shipperinto the position shown in Figs. 2 and 19 in bracket 95, and thismovement of the shipper will disconnect the friction-clutch orbelt-pulley from the frictionwheel, and at the same time release thebrake, allowing it to be sprung upon the wheel 23, as hereinbeforedescribed, and thus the motion of the loom will be immediately stoppedbefore the lay has beaten against the filling or the shuttle or harnesshave moved from their positions.

The warp beam or roll, which as an entirety is designated 114, consistsofa shaft, 115, Figs. 13, 21, and 22, provided with a key, 116,whieh,together with the shaft, extends across the loom, the shaft beingsuitably mounted in journal-boxes in the frame thereof. The warpbeamproper is composed of a number of iron sections, 117, which may beprovided with flanges 157, said sections being fitted to the centralshaft and its key and secured together lineally by four rods, 119,passing` through the same parallel to the central shaft and between thatand the surface about which the warp is wound, said sections beingclamped between the heads formed upon one end of said rods and nutsthreaded upon the opposite ends. These sections each have a groove, 120,planed in them, and when so secured upon the central shaft they arearranged so that their several grooves are in line and form a continuousgroove the entire length of the beam.

Into the groove in each section is fitted a wooden block, 121, which isalso grooved in a similar manner and provided with a woodenclamping-piece, 122, fitted to said groove so as to leave the requisitespace for the ends of the warp-thread to pass around the same and to besecurely clamped between the two by means of screw-bolts 123, passedthrough and into the same, as shown in Fig. 1li.

The warp-roll may be when preferred made in one entire piece, groovedand provided with a clamp, as described, instead of in sections, asshown and described, our invention in this particular being confined to-the means for securing the warp by means of a clamping device insertedand secured in a groove inthe beam. rlChe clamp being properly fitted tothe groove in the beam, the winding of the warp about the same willsecure it in position.

Ve will now describe our improved takeup mechanism and mechanismcombined therewith to let off uniformly with the takeup or .variablytherefrom.

Upon the front of the loom are journaled, in brackets extending outwardfrom the frame, two take-up rolls, 124 and 125, Fig. 1G, These rolls areprovided at one end, 011 the right, with gears 158, connected by anintermediate gear, 126. Resting against roll 124 is another roll, 127,and against roll 125 rests a similar roll, 128, these rolls 127 128being journaled in bearings in the loomfranie or in suitable bracketsattached thereto. These four rolls, which may be made of wood or metal,are of uniform diameters, and the two first are positively actuated bygearing, while the other two are moved by frietional contact with thosethat are geared. The woven fabric 129 passes over a small roll, 130,journaled in the frame at the front of the loom and around roll 124-,thence around roll 127, being pinched between these two rolls next toand around roll 125, thence up between this roll and roll 128, and overthe latter to the place of delivery, all as indicated in said Fig. 16.Roll 125 is provided with a gear which has a less number of teeth (twoless in this case) than'there are in the gear on roll 124, and roll 1211being the driving-roll there is consequently a slightly faster movementimparted to roll 125, which produces a strain upon the fabric betweenthat roll and roll 127. This strain, in conjunction with the pressurewhich the fabric receives in passing between the meeting faces of therolls, produces a finishing effect upon the fabric analogous tocalendering, whereby the surface of the goods is leveled under a uniformtension and the appearance of the same greatly improved, and in somecases of fabrics woven for special purposes- 21s, for instance, metallicfabrics-the quality of the goods is thereby improved. Ve do not,however, herein claim the method of finishing wire fabrics justdescribed, as this feature of our invention is embraced by ourapplication, Serial No. 261,557, led January 21, 1888.

XVe provide the take-up roll 124C with a worm-wheel, 131, Fig. 9, on theleft or opposite end from that to which the gears already referred toare attached, and the number of teeth in said wheel corresponds to thenumber of inches around the circumference of the roll. A shaft, 132, ismounted in suitable bearings on the side of the loom, and upon its frontend is secured a screw or worin, 133, which engages the teeth of theworm-wheel 131, and one revolution of said worm moves said wheel to theextent of one tooth, which is equivalent to the extent of onecircumferential inch of the roll to which the wheel is attached.

rIhe shaft 132 is turned by means ofa ratchet, 1311, secured thereon,which is actuated by a pawl, 135, Figs. 11 and 12, which pawl is pivotedto an angle-lever, 13G, journaled on said shaft adjacent to the ratchet,and having an arm, 148, extending into the path of the lay. Upon thesid-e or sword of the lay is pivoted a bar, 137, the under side of whichis inclined and rests on a projection, 138, on the inside of theloom-frame and extends under arm 148. As the lay moves forward to beatin the filling, the forward end of bar 137 slides under the arm 148 inclose proximity thereto,

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and as the lay advances its incline slides upon projection 138, causingthe bar to rise int-o contact with arm 148, carrying that up also, andthereby turning lever 136 on shaft 132, together with its pawl, whichengages the ratchetteeth, and thus the ratchet is moved to the extentot' one tooth, and as the whole number of teeth in the ratchetrepresents one revolution of the worm, and one revolution of the wormrepresents one tooth of the wheel and one inch of the circumference ofthe roll, and as each movement of the lay in beating up the picks movesthe ratchet one tooth, therefore each tooth of the ratchet representsone pick, and as Ymany teeth as there are in the ratchet so many pickswill there be to the inch in the woven fabric to a mathematicalexactness.

To vary the number of picks of weft in an inch of the woven fabric oneor more, it is only necessary to change the ratchet for one containingthe number of teeth corresponding t0 the exact number of picks required.This is a result which is not obtainable by means of the usual changesof gearing heretofore ernployed to vary the takeup in looms, and enablesa manufacturer to regulate the quality of his goodstoadegreeof nicetyand certainty, and with an advantage heretofore unattained by take-updevices. When the lay has thus caused a movement of ratchet 134, and hasmoved backward again, withdrawing bar 137, then the projecting arm 148of pawl-lever 136 will fall by its gravity, and thereby retract pawl135to the requisite extent. A detentpawl, 139, pivoted t0 the frame andengaging the teeth of the ratchet-,prevents a reaction of theratchet-wheel when its actuating-pawl is so retracted.

In connection with the take-up devices just described we employ, whendesirable, a positive let-off, which is actuated simultaneously with thetake-up, and by the same means above described. We extend the shaft 132and. support such extension in a journal-box on the rear of the frame,Figs. 9, 10, and upon that end of the shaft we place a gear, 140.

This gear meshes into another gear141, secured upon the outer end of ashort shaft, 142 journaled in bearings on the inner side of the frameand carrying at its forward end a bevelgear, 143. This gear meshes intoanother bevel-gear, 144, ofthe same size, secured to a vertical shaft,145, which is also vsupported in suitable bearings upon the inner sideof the frame. This Vertical shaft carries at its upper end a worm, 146,like that shown on the takeup end o f shaft 132, and' Worm 146 Works ina worm-wheel, 147, secured to the warp-roll, ,and being like theWorm-Wheel on the take-up roll. The ratchet actuated by the lay to turnshaft 132 to operate the take-up devices, as described, also operatessimultaneously therewith the let-off or warp-roll 114, through themechanism just described, and to the same eX- tent that the take-up rollis turned if gears 140 and 141 are equal, but when it is desirable thatmore warp should belet off than is taken up by the direct action of thecloth or take-upl 140; or if it should be desirable to retard theWarp,then a gear with a greater number oftceth than are contained ingear 141 may be substituted therefor to work with gear 140, anadjustable journal-box,159,construoted in any well-known ,and suitablemanner being provided to accommodate the variable gears to each other.As herein shown, this journalbox is secured to a bracket, 160, Figs. 28and 29, attached to the loom-frame, and to adapt the shaft 132 for aconsiderable adjustment said shaft may, if desired, be provided with ajoint, 166, as shown in Fig. 28. By this method of constructing andarranging the letoft' devices any practical degree of variation, eitherfaster or slower, of the warproll from the take-up roll may be had tosuit the requirements of the fabric being Woven, and to compensate forthe variations in the quantity of warp upon the roll as the weavingprogresses. In ductile metallic warps, Where it may be desirable toretain the ductility of the threads in the woven fabric to a greater orless degree, such an arrangement of positive and differential take-upand let-off is adapted to secure the most perfect results.

We claim as our invention- 1. The combination, with the lay 50, of thetoggle, the rest 57, the cam 46, its operating mechanism, andconnections between the said cam and toggle, whereby the lay will bebrought against said rest and there held during the flight of theshuttle, as set forth.

2. The combination, with the lay and the shuttle and their actuatingmechanisms,of the rock-shaft 70, provided with an arm, 69, having ayielding connection with said shaft, and

thus adapted to move independently thereof,4

and mechanism for rocking said shaft,whereby IOO IIO

the weft will`be prevented from kinking when it is slackened as theshuttle starts forward to pass through the shed, substantially as setforth.

3. The combination, with the loom-frame and the lay, of the rock-shaft70, provided with yielding arm 69, torsional spring 72, pin 7 3,1ever 74,pivoted t0 said frame and arranged to act on said pin, shaft 43, cam76,and spring 77, for holding said lever in contact with said cam,substantially as set forth.

4. The combination,with the lay,of'the vertically-movable raddle 79 80,means for operating the same, the pivoted raddle 83 84, having arm85,the vertically-movable pin S6, connected to said arm, the lever 89,provided with an incline adapted to be engaged by said pin when thelatter is depressed at the commencement of the forward movement of thelay, a shipper-lever for stopping and starting the loom, and connectionsbetween said shipper-lever and the lever 89, whereby whenV the IIS weftis absent the loom will be stopped at the commencement of the forwardmovement of the lay, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination,\vith the lay, of the pivoted raddle 83 S4, the pin8G, upheld thereby, the vertically-movable raddle 79 80its operating-rod7S, having a projection, as collar 10S, a lever operated by said collar,and connections between said lever and said pivoted raddle, whereby thelatter will be tilted to lift the pin S6 when the vertically-movableraddle is lifted, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with the lay, of the vertical shaft 78,1addle 79 S0,collar 108, secured to said shaft, lever 109,arranged to be engaged atone end by said collar, raddle 83 84, connected with said lever, pin S6,lever 105, the loom-frame to which said leveris pivoted, cam 104, spring107, and shaft 43, whereby when said shaft 78 and raddle 79 S0 are movedupward the raddle S3 S1 will be tilted, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with the lay and the vertically-movable pin S6,supported thereby, and means for operating the said pin, of the leverS9, provided with an adjustable plate having an incline, S8, rod 92,connected willi said lever, lever-93, slide 97,having an inclinedprojection, shipperlever 29, and bracket 95, adapted to operatesubstantially as set forth.

S. The combination, with the movable slide 97, means for operating thesame, the shipperlever 29, and bracket 95, having a retainingnotchforsaid lever, ofthelongitudinally-mova ble rod 98, provided withtorsional and retracti ng spring 99,and collar 101,having a projection,an arm or lever, 103, attached to said rod and adapted to engage saidshipperlever, whereby when said slide is moved the said shipper-leverwill be disengaged from its retaining-notch and moved to effect thestopping of the loom, substantially as set forth.

9. The combinatiomwith theloom-frame and driving-shaft 2l, supportedthereby,of the friction-clutch and drivingpulley 23 24,the clutchlever25, the arm or lever 2S, the shipperlever-29, the brake-lever 31, itsspring 32, a sliding bar connected with said clutch-lever and providedwith an incline, and a vertical bar, 37, whereby when the saidshipperlever is moved in the proper direction the parts forming thedriving-clutch willbe disconnected and the brake be simultaneouslyapplied, substantially as set forth.

1 0. rlhe combination, with a warp-roll provided with a longitudinalgroove, of a grooved block or beam fitted in said groove, a clamping-baradapted to be inserted in the groove of said block or beam, andattaching devices, as screw-bolts 123, for securing said clampingbar inplace, substantially as set forth.

11. The combination, with the rolls 12Jc and 125, differentially geared,as described, and means for operating said rolls, of the intermediatepinion,126,and the friction-rolls 127 and 12S, whereby the woven fabricas it is taken up in the process of weaving is passed over and betweensaid rolls and pressed and snbjected to a uniform strain, therebyleveling and finishing the surface of the web, substantially as setforth.

12. The combination, with a pair of take-np rolls and their operatingworm-gear wheel, of a shaft provided with a worm and a ratchetwheel, awarp or let-off roll provided with wormgear wheel, a second shaftcarrying a worm, connections between said shafts, a pawlcarrier and pawlfor operating said ratchetwheel, the lay, and a device moving with thelatter for imparting motion to said pawl-carrier, whereby said take-upand let-off rolls will beintermittingly and sin'iultaneously operatedfrom the lay, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination, with the take-up roll, ofthe shaft132 and mechanismfor rotating the same, connections for rotating said roll from saidshaft, a gear-wheel, 140, on said shaft, a gear-wheel, 141, having anumber of teeth different from the number of the wheel 140, a warp orlet-off roll, and a train of gearing between the latter and the saidgear-wheel 141, whereby the said takeup and let-off mechanisms maybesimultaneously but differentially operated, substantially as set forth.

SAMUEL T. THOMAS. YVIN FIELD S. THOMAS.

lVitnesses:

EUGENE HUMI'HREY, T. W. PORTER.

